SHORT TIPS ON TRANSFORMERS

Hello guys this is another episode of the electronics for the dumbest dummies and we will be talking about transformers and using them in circuits for rectification and their ratings.

               TRANSFORMERS

They are electronics component that transform voltage from one level to another either lower or higher level, through electromagnetic coupling. And this cooling involves coils of wire coated to insulate it from its neighbouring winding.

Transformers are devices that works with a law called faradays law of electromagnetic induction which says whenever a flux linking a coil changes an emf if induced. I.e transformers work using the principle of electromagnetic induction.

   Transformers are of different types but due to the scope of this teaching we will be limiting it to low power transformers. And it produces only alternating current and voltage. I.e it does not take in battery as a form of input unless inverted with an inverter. The output side will be clearly written on the transformer body. And power from socket is usually from 220 to 300volts. Please don't make a mistake of plugging the 12volts parts to socket unless you will ear kaboom.....good luck

                 TYPES OF TRANSFORMERS.

1. Step-up transformers.
2. Step-down transformers.

                    STEP UP TRANSFORMERS

 They are transformers that steps up power by either reducing voltage and increasing current or increase voltage and reduce current. Note in this energy transformation input power is equal to output power. But usually the secondary side which is the output is usually the side where the stepping up effect is seen, usually in voltage level STEPUP.

                    STEP DOWN TRANSFORMERS

 They are transformers that steps down power by either increasing voltage and reducing current or reduce voltage and increase current. Note in this energy transformation input power is equal to output power. But usually the secondary side which is the output is usually the side where the stepping down effect is seen, usually in voltage level dropdown.

                   TRANSFORMER WINDINGS.111

1. Primary windings
2. Secondary windings
 

PRIMARY WINDING

 This is the input side of the transformer where the voltage to be amplified or reduced is brought into the transformer.

SECONDARY WINDING

   This is the output side of the transformer where the power effect is being felt either in form of voltage reduction or amplification.

        HOW TO WORK WITH TRANSFORMERS.

 Transformers have different ratings, so it really depends on what we want to do with the transformer.
  Among all transformers out there the most common ones are the [center tapped transformers]. With usually rating of 220v to 12v. But on the transformer what will be seen is 220v / 12v-0v-12v. The 220volts is the high voltage side, while the 12volts is the center tapped side meaning you can get 12 and 0 volt from first and second terminal or 24volts from first and last terminal.
 Any side can be used as primary or secondary depending on the purpose. So in that case we will be using a transformer to build a
1. Phone charger.
2. Laptop charger.
3. Charging a battery.
4. Inverter.

 ADVANTAGES OF USING TRANSFORMER TO DESIGN YOUR CHARGER                                              OR CIRCUIT

 The main advantage of using a transformer in your design is the place of isolating the primary side from the secondary side. It also isolates the more dangerous power from the lower power. Transformers are more easy to work with rather than switch mode power supplies, Which involves more complex circuit diagram and connections.and transformers are readily available in any electronics market. The only disadvantage is the weight and humming effect coupled with little eddy losses, but that is not really a priority when looking at low powered transformers.

And that's why
On the next page we will be building a phone charger using a 7805ic thanks for reading.