how to build an inverter part1

Hey guys this is a post talking about inverter but here I will be introducing you to what inverter really is and how they work.

  Please follow this post cautiously thank you

     Inverter

An inverter is a device or a gadget that converts d.c i.e battery power to ac power(commonly known in Nigeria as NEPA light)...

    Types of inverter

1. Square wave inverter
2. Modified sine wave inverter
3. Pure sine wave inverter

        Square wave inverter

 This is an inverter type in which its output wave form is square in nature.
         And this has its own adverse effect in that some electrical appliances won't work at all or work well on a square wave inverter due to the fact that they are noisy and produce electrical spikes. They also give humming sound on appliances used, especially inductive appliances and any appliance that gives physical sound.
          And if you at designing a circuit that takes its clock source from a square wave power it might misbehave and loose timmimg.and it makes electrical appliances give some humming noise which is more noticeable in any instrument using inductive load. They also tend to want to destroy inductive load after about 2 to 3 years due to there wave form and noise and they produce electrical spikes.
    But they do still have there advantages in that they are very cheap to make and not too hard to make. And if they are to be used by students or in a small office its still a good inverter for use, but a bad choice in terms of industry and a correct company

           Modified sine wave

 These is a better type of inverter compared to the square wave in that they are a not advanced though they generate noise also but not as much as modified sine wave inverter. This type of inverter is still OK for company use and big offices but then they also have there disadvantages also, in that they also give small humming noises and they are not as rugged as pure sine wave, they are also cheap to build but not as cheap as the square wave inverters.

    Pure sine wave 

This is the best inverter in that it gives a pure wave and generate very little or no noise and they are very rugged. The only disadvantage is that it is costly to build but it is very good, it is adviceabke and best for classy places and industrial jobs compared to the modified sine wave and square wave inverters.

 Pictures below.

                General comparism between a pure sine wave inverter and                                        modified sine wave / square wave inverters.

 We will be using an analogy of load to make this a clearer explanation, and we will be using an inductive load, say a pumping machine.
     All inductive load consume time 2 at startup e.g copresoors in fridge, fan,ac drilling machine,pumping machine e.t.c.
         a pumping machine rated at 1hp(746) watts will at startup consume times two then drop back to 1hp after some second.
      Now on a pure sine wave inverter with a rating of 1.5 kva will do the job but a modified sine wave or square wave won't without being overstressed due to the noises and other factors not explained at beginners level. So for modified or square wave its saver to design for an inductive load time 3 at start up..
  But apart from inductive loads no need to care about designing for times two or times three.And note some materials might not work at all or misbehave while using them on modified sine wave or square wave.

           Stages or sections of an inverter building accordingly

1. Oscillator/Oscillatory stage.
2. MOSFET driver  switching stage.
3. Transformer stage.
   

      Methods used in building inverter MOSFET driving stage

1. Push pull method.

2. Hbridge method. (Better and more efficient).

      Methods used in designing the inverter itself

1. Transformer less. (Using switch mode power supply method SMP)

2. Fully transformer.

       Parts that makeup a complete inverter.

1.  Battery.
2. Inverter itself.
3. Battery charger
 

Battery

This is what actually powers the inverter and this is the heart of the inverter and the most costly part of the inverter.

Inverter itself.

This is the device that helps us to convert the battery power into a.c power called (NEPA light in Nigeria). Which is same as the power that comes from transmission line.

Battery charger.

 This is what helps us to charge the battery which can either be a rectification circuitry like the one we discussed in the previous post or charging using a SOLAR PANEL. Don't be deceived inverter is different from solar inverter. Solar inverter is wrong it is supposed to be called solar powered inverter I.e an inverter in which sun is the source of the battery charging power.

 Thank you for reading,I hope this has oriented you more about inverter on our next post we will be looking into building the inverter circuitary itself. Any problem or question or support please post you comment or contact blogger.

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